Urinary Tract Infections
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What is it?
Simply put, a urinary tract infection (UTI) an infection of the urinary system - the urethra, bladder, and sometimes kidneys. Inflammation of the bladder is called cystitis. If the kidneys become infected it is call nephritis.
What causes a UTI?
Bacteria passing from the anus into the urethra is the most common cause of a UTI. Bacteria can then travel to the bladder and possibly the kidneys. Women are more susceptible to UTIs than men because bacteria has a much shorter distance to travel from the opening of the urethra to the bladder.
What are the symptoms of a UTI?
One or more of the following symptoms may be present if you have a UTI:
· The urgent need to urinate frequently but not always being able to do so
· Burning sensation while urinating
· Blood in the urine
· Cloudy urine that may have a foul odor
· Lower abdominal pain or discomfort
· Low-grade fever
In addition, you may experience:
· Shaking chills
· High fever
· Pain in your side and/or lower-back
· Nausea and vomiting
If you experience any of the above symptoms, don't wait. Call and make an appointment at any RU Student Health Center.
How is a UTI diagnosed?
Diagnosis of a UTI is made using three steps. First, a fresh urine sample will be tested using a "dipstick test." This gives a result within a few minutes. Another urine sample will be taken for "urinalysis" which confirms that the infection is present and the type of bacteria that is causing the infection. This is important when it comes to treatment. The third step is a physical examination.
How are UTIs treated?
UTIs are normally treated with antibiotics. It is important to finish the entire course of medication - even if you start to feel better within a few days. If your symptoms do not go away after 2-3 days, contact your health care provider.
You can also help in treatment of a UTI.
· Drink plenty of fluids - at least 8 8-ounce glasses of water or other fluids a day.
· Avoid sexual intercourse (vaginal and anal) while the UTI is being treated as directed by your health care provider (usually for 7-10 days).
Can I prevent a UTI?
You can't completely prevent a UTI from occurring but if you are prone to UTIs or just want to possibly avoid one, here are some easy-to-follow steps:
· Drink at least 8 8-ounce glasses of water a day, preferably water
· Incorporate cranberry juice into your daily fluid intake
· Keep your genital area clean by wiping from front to back after urination and bowel movements
· Don't wait to urinate! Avoid "holding it in." When you have the need to urinate, do so promptly.
· Women should wear underwear with a cotton crotch
· Urinate both before and after sexual intercourse